An ever-growing body of literature related to curriculum, learning and teaching for agricultural and extension education has been produced in recent years. Related to extension education, Levander (2000) surveyed 15 European to learn about curricula. She identified a comprehensive list of background theories and bodies of literature relevant to learning about extension education. The background theories included those related to adult education, business and marketing, communication, counselling, evaluation, teaching and learning, management and leadership, and field theory. In addition, she identified literature of special relevance to extension education (Table 1). Table 1. Literature critical to extension education as identified by 15 European universities Communication networks Community development Curriculum development Diffusion of innovations Empowerment Extension approaches Extension methods Extension programs Extension system management Facilitation Human resources management/development Institution building Knowledge and information systems Knowledge Management Learning, individual and social Learning organizations New information technologies Organizational development Participatory learning and action approach Participatory rural appraisal Planning of programs Research extension linkage models Rural development Rural life, human aspects Skills development Sociology of organizations Sustainable development Teaching On the other hand Acker & Grieshop(2004) conducted an analysis of content of existing undergraduate and graduate agricultural and extension education curricula at 22 public universities in the United States. They analyzed and showed agricultural and extension education curricula at 22 U.S. public universities at undergraduate level. Table 2: Undergraduate courses in the area of agricultural and extension education at 22 public U.S. universities General Area of Course Content Communication Leadership, personal and professional Teaching methods, curriculum development and materials Technical: Biotech, animals, small engines, horticulture Program planning and development Extension or industry field-based internship Student teaching experience in schools Orientation/career exploration Computer and information technology/multimedia Youth development and student organizations Foundations in agricultural education/vocational education Extension methods and organization Experiential education/supervised occupational experience Agricultural and extension education in non-formal settings International agriculture development/study abroad Current issues in agriculture and natural resources Early field-based experience Research procedures and data analysis Farm operations and management Presentation and sales strategies